Expansion of the bush dog’s elevational range in southern Colombia
Abstract
The bush dog Speothos venaticus is a rare and infrequent species in camera trap studies. Its presence has been recorded mainly in lowlands below 1,500 metres above sea level (m a.s.l) in diverse habitat types, from dense, continuous forests to fragmented and disturbed forests, in some cases close to waterways and human activity. Therefore, its presence alongside domestic dogs has become common, potentially increasing its risk of disease transmission. Since 2011, a community-based participatory wildlife monitoring process using camera traps has been developed in the department of Huila, Colombia, in the Guacharos-Puracé Conservation Corridor Regional Natural Park. A total of five independent records of bush dogs were obtained between April 2022 and April 2023 between 2,131 and 2,408m a.s.l. At least five different individuals were identi- fied based on observations of colouration patterns, recording distances, and marking behaviour. These records represent an expansion of the species’ altitudinal range throughout its distribution and includes Andean oak Quercus humboldtii forest ecosystems. The recorded area is located south of the Eastern Cordillera, which is considered the faunal exchange area be- tween the Andean and Colombian Amazon regions. There is no verified information indicating that the species was previ- ously present in this environment, and information from local communities seems to corroborate that the species is only now arriving. The records presented in this note indicate the use of dense mountain forests with high levels of human intervention and the presence of domestic dogs, which raises the need for the corresponding territorial environmental authority to define monitoring, research, and conservation strategies.